Sampah organik perkotaan (biodegradable municipal waste)

Nowadays we should progressively divert biodegradable municipal waste from landfill. European community proposed this strategy years ago. They encourages reducing their dependence on land-filling municipal waste and changes to more environmentally sound alternatives. 

The integrated waste management strategy establishes the preferred options for dealing with biodegradable municipal waste are:

(a). prevention and minimization, it means avoiding generating the waste

(b). recycling, including plastic and paper

(c). biological treatment, mainly of kitchen waste including composting

(d). residual treatment, thermal treatment or by mechanical-biological treatment.

Fig. Biodegradable municipal waste

(Courtesy of EBTKE, 2012)

Basically land filling is the worst waste management option for biodegradable waste. In specific cases the environmental balance among the options for the waste management depends on factors including collection systems, waste composition, climatic conditions, and potential reuse and recycling products. The waste management strategies should determine transparent manner based on a structured and comprehensive approach.

People releases biodegradable municipal waste in average of 0.5 kg/ capita /day. It means ten millions of Jakarta people releases 5,000 tons / day. The local government examined composting technology to convert municipal waste in the form of pellet or granular compost by employing exogenous microbes. The characteristic of compost fertilizer typically contains C organic 13%, N-total 3,53%, P-total 0,53%, K-total 4,44%, Ca 5,80%, Mg 1,34%, C/N ratio 10 after 14 days composting period.